Aerial views of Chilean volcanoes
In my last post, I included a map of the Southern Volcanic Zone that extends south from the capital city of Santiago: https://landscapes-revealed.net/santiagos-geologic-hazards/. Flying south from Santiago to Punta Arenas on Monday, we were fortunate to have clear skies as we flew along the Andes. We made sure to get seats on the east side of the plane so that...
Santiago’s geologic hazards
When living near a plate boundary, one must expect geologic hazards such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. For example, along the west coast of the U.S. a transform plate boundary (San Andreas fault) causes earthquakes throughout California. To the north, along the coast of northern California, Oregon and Washington, a convergent (subduction) plate boundary causes volcanic eruptions in the Cascade...
Back to Chile, a geologic wonderland
Chile is an amazing country. The most obvious feature is its unique pencil-like shape. North–south, Chile extends 4,270 km (2,653 mi), yet east–west it extends only 64 km–356 km (40–221 miles). Another striking feature is the Andes Mountains that extend along the length of Chile. The Andean crest forms the border with Argentina to the east. The highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere,...
Santorini follow up: why so many earthquakes?
In February this year, while we were preparing for our April–May trip to Cyprus, Crete and Santorini, we noticed many earthquakes popping off in Santorini. When looking at my QuakeWatch app, I saw that literally hundreds of earthquakes occurred each day—they were drowning out almost every other location on Earth! At the time, no one seemed to know the cause...
Santorini’s powerful Minoan-era eruption
Around 1600 BCE, a catastrophic volcanic event reshaped the island of Santorini, buried the Minoan settlement of Akrotiri, and had far-reaching consequences across the Mediterranean. When I first visited Santorini in 1989, I read that the eruption caused Minoan civilization to collapse. But researchers have continued to investigate the eruption's impact on the region and to refine the ages of...
The astonishing volcanic island of Santorini
Santorini is an immensely popular tourist destination, and for good reasons. One of the most powerful volcanic eruptions in recorded history created the dramatic landscapes that make this island one of the most beautiful in the world. Around 3600 years ago, during the Bronze Age (~1600 BCE) at the height of Minoan civilization, a massive eruption emitted vast quantities of...
Aurora Borealis: geomagnetics made visible
The main reason we're here in Iceland for three weeks in winter is because, for his birthday trip, Jay wanted to see and photograph the Aurora Borealis. Fortunately, we have been successful! During the first two weeks we were here, there were many cloudy skies and no chance to view lights in the northern skies, although we still enjoyed other...
Iceland’s 2024 volcanic eruptions—threats to Grindavik and Blue Lagoon
In my last post, I described the flows that emitted from the Fagradalsfjall fissure during the 2012-23 eruptions that heralded a new period of active volcanism in the Reykjanes Volcanic Belt: https://landscapes-revealed.net/return-to-iceland-viewing-lava-from-the-2021-23-eruptions/. At the end of 2023, volcanic eruptions began in a new place. They continued until the end of 2024, and will likely continue in 2025. Background about the...
Return to Iceland—viewing lava from the 2021–23 eruptions
In July 2022, I visited Iceland for the first time with a group of geologists. On August 15, 19, and 20, I posted blogs about this visit. These posts can be found by date or by selecting "Iceland" under Categories. I'll also refer to these posts below. I've now returned in winter with Jay, who wanted to celebrate his big...
Tateyama Alpine Route in ten stages
In the early 1970’s, a 37 km (23 mile) long east–west route was created in the northern part of the Northern Japan Alps. This Alpine Route reaches an elevation of 2450 m (8,000 ft) and provides access to impressive mountain scenery. Although the infrastructure is somewhat dated, the route remains a popular tourist activity. To preserve the natural setting and...
Kamikoche—Japan’s Yosemite Valley
Kamikoche Valley is not bordered by glacially-scoured granite walls like Yosemite Valley, but it is a wildly popular site within the Chubu-sangaku National Park. As in Yosemite National Park, most visitors go to the valley, but there is also an extensive network of higher-elevation trails for hiking and backpacking. Also like Yosemite, the area has an interesting geologic history. Although...
Volcanoes, onsens, and Japan’s first geopark
Hanging out around active volcanoes, and the calderas of volcanoes that previously blew themselves up, has certain advantages. One clear benefit is that the hot magma associated with active volcanism heats groundwater that can rise to the surface to create hot springs. Hokkaido is crazy with hot springs. In Japan, onsen refers to the springs themselves and to the hotels...
About the Blogger
Karen (here with Mt. Shasta in background) is a geology professor emerita who aims to provide a "pocket geologist" for world travelers. Follow the blog to explore the landscapes of our planet and figure out what causes them to look the way they do.